Logistics and Sieges of Alexander the Great Essays

Alexander the Great inherited one of the most powerful armies in the ancient world from his father Philip. The army used a unique spear phalanx that was virtually unheard of outside of Macedonia, and the army was well trained and supported. Additionally Philip felt the use of siege weaponry was of great importance and invested in engineers to aid him. Philip even used siege weaponry on the field in battle some times. Philip set the stage for his son to dominate the known world, and even gave him a road map for conquering Asia minor, but an army and siege weapons are only a portion of an armies success. Especially when planning a long protracted campaign far from home. Alexander’s conquest of Asia was heavily influenced by two very†¦show more content†¦Only enough carts and animals to carry the siege equipment, tents, rations, and other equipment required by the army were used. All additional rations would have to have been carried via Alexander’s fleet. Memnon wanted to pursue a policy of scorched earth and then bring the war to Greece to prevent Alexander from being able to wage war abroad, and if the other Persian generals had followed his advice Alexander would have most likely had to return to Macedonia and never been able to accomplish anything outside of Greece. Due to the Persians vanity they decided to instead attack Alexander directly without razing the countryside and were defeated leading to Alexander gaining the foothold he needed in Asia. A likely scenario would put a seven day limit on the amount of rations the army carried with it in a temperate climate and a two day limit in desert regions where the army could not forage for additional food, water, and fodder. No matter how many pack animals an army used the maximum amount of rations that could be carried would be twenty five days due to the feed required by all of the animals. Another problem with adding additional animals to the supply train is the sheer number of animals required to carry everything. Should the Macedonian army use enough animals to carry the maximum twenty five day amount of rations the number of animals would have stretched over thirty miles and with anShow MoreRelatedEssay on Alexander the Great: The Campaign of Gaugamela614 Words   |  3 Pages The combination of Logistics and Tactics permitted to Alexander III the Great to be successful during the campaign of Gaugamela. Prior to the battle, Alexander the Great decided to take the same r oute Darius took on his way to Issus. He knew that if he wanted to march toward Babylon, he couldnt go through the lower valley of Mesopotamia as there was not sufficient supplies available for his army and the daily temperature in summer is 49 º C.(tactic) He figured out that if Darius larger army andRead MoreThe During The Middle Ages2108 Words   |  9 Pagesit under control. 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Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand industrial depression from the late 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political rivalries that generated and were in turn fed by imperialist expansionism, one cannot begin to comprehend the causes and consequences of the Great War that began in 1914. That conflict determined the contours of the twentieth century in myriad ways. On the one hand, the war set in motion transformative processes that were clearly major departures from those that defined the nineteenth-centuryRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesdiscussions, and even debates. In the gentle environment of the classroom, students can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but selling their ideas—and defend them against critical scrutiny. This is great practice for the arena of business to come. NEW TO THIS EDITION In contrast to the early editions, which examined only notable mistakes, and based on your favorable comments about recent editions, I have again included some well-known successesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagestouching the equipment! Tom Peters counseled managers that, due to the chaotic pace of change, â€Å"If you’re not confused, you’re not paying attention.† And the late Peter Drucker characterized the current environment this way: â€Å"We are in one of those great historical periods that occur every 200 or 300 years when people don’t understand the world anymore, and the past is not sufficient to explain the future.† Almost no one would argue that â€Å"permanent white water† best characterizes our current environment

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1237 Words

Humans and the basis of society have always been inherently flawed from the beginning of mankind. Despite countless years of change, reformations, and improvement, humanity and society alike have not resolved their deep ­rooted issues. The perpetuation of humanity s and society s issues are most obviously seen through the repetition of history. From religious wars fought with blind zeal to the oppression of a certain race or religious group, the innate, barbaric nature of human beings and imperfections in society always act as the main catalysts behind the carnage. As Albert Einstein once stated, insanity is the act of doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results. Does this mean, then, that humans are truly insane? With the seemingly endless recurrences of events, it certainly seems so, but Arthur Miller, the author of The Crucible, offers his own view on the corrupt underpinnings of humanity by painting a shocking reflection of humanity s animalistic na ture and highlighting the hideous aspects of society in his book. Emphasizing greed, fear, and the power of mobs in society, Miller s reincarnation of the Salem Witch Hunt shines a mirror to the brutal conflicts for authority and power through history. Of all the flaws of humanity and society, greed is the most prevalent and influential, causing many historical conflicts ranging from the French Revolution to World War II. 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In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. 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While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie nces

Analysis of the Role of Recruitment and Selection †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of the Role of Recruitment and Selection. Answer: Introduction In this paper, there will be performed a significant analysis of the role of recruitment and selection in the effective human resource management, developing and leading people. The recruitment and selection is pivotal in several aspects as it is the central part of the human resource management activities such as rewards, development and acquisition of the workforce. There are several approaches to recruitment and selection that are contrasting in nature. The theorists and researchers have developed these theories as per their individual researchers and viewpoints (Stahl, et al., 2012). There will be highlighted the importance of having a systematic approach to recruitment and selection in the organisations for attracting competent employees. There are still some sorts of issues in the effective application of recruitment and selection practices. The report will throw lights upon these issues such as discrimination, etc. The later part of the report will explain the rise of the comp etency framework of recruitment and selection and will offer insights regarding the fair practices, involvement of social media and e-recruitment practices. Contrasting approaches to recruitment and selection in theory and practice As per Costello, recruitment can be understood as the set of processes and activities that are used for legally appointing a good number of competent and skilled individuals at the right time and at a right place so that the organisation can be benefitted for short term and long term interest. Selection can further explained as the processes or approach which is involved in selecting the most suitable and competent candidate out of all the applicants for the required job profile. Together, the authors explained recruitment and selection as the process of penetrating for the potential employees and encouraging and motivating them to apply for the vacancies in the business organisations (Cappelli and Keller, 2014). For this specific purpose of recruitment and selection there is a worldwide recognized systematic approach which is considered as the most suitable way of having efficient recruitment and selection in the organisations (O'Meara and Petzall, 2013). In such a challenging world , it is essential that the approach used for the hiring process must be systematic in nature. The first and the most vital part in the systematic approach is the job identification, in which the organisations must ensure that the potential candidates can identify the job opportunity easily and in an accessible manner. The second part is appropriate job description so that there are all the relevant details mentioned related to the job profile. Other key aspects in the systematic approaches for recruitment and selection includes skills inventory, job posting strategy, interview, selection and orientation (Rothwell and Kazanas, 2011). The authors have emphasized upon the advantages of taking use of the systematic approach such as improved reach to the potential candidates, selections of competent individuals and faster recruitment and section process (Brewster and Mayrhofer, 2012). There are numerous issues in the recruitment and selection which ultimately results in increased rigidity of the process. The primary issues highlighted by the various authors comprises of the primary issue of out-dated recruitment strategies as there are organisation that still take use of the strategies which are very much ineffective in the present time. It can be stated that a directionless recruitment and selection strategy can only yield poor outcomes for the organisations. other issues and increased rigidity is because of the internal recruitment by the means of promotions from within as if the organisations fill the vacancies through internal promotion then it results in restricted ideas, conflicts and issues at the workplace. There are also issues that arise because of nepotism. It is one of the biggest issues that have been identified by the researchers in their studies in the process of recruitment and selection (Ponzo and Scoppa, 2011). Nepotism can be explained as the pr actices adopted by the executive or the HR managers that have certain power to offer jobs to their relatives, friends or the known irrespective of the fact that they are relatively less competent in comparison with other potential candidates applied for the job. All such issues bring increased rigidity in the organisations and the process that have a negative implication upon the recruitment and selection function and the organisational efficiency. To resolve the issues and challenges of recruitment and selection, the authors have highlighted the practice of competency approach by the organisation and the mangers in the recruitment and selection process. A competency is related with a job, role, function or task. It is the behaviourally defined characteristic that demonstrates a superior and efficient performance across the range of specific roles or tasks in order to accomplish the objectives (Ahsan, Ho and Khan, 2013). The competency based selection and recruitment has its emphasis on the identification of those individuals that can evidence and benchmark those behaviourally established characteristics that are essential for the achieving efficient performance in the specific job role (Sanghi, 2016). In the process of the recruitment and selection there are various points of fetching information instead of just one and this allow the organisations to gather a more clear picture of the competence and sustainability of the cand idate in the organisations (Arthur, 2012). The outcomes of the competency based approach to selection and recruitment is that it offers successful and effective investment of the expertise, money and the time (Hudson, 2017). With this framework, the organisation will be clear about the required competencies and skills for the job profile will provide a good fit among the jobs and the individuals, staff and the managers, help in matching the requirements of eth jobs and the abilities and skills of an individuals and having effective evaluation of the staffing need and work demand (Vazirani, 2010). There has also been analysed by the authors that there are several new and innovative ways of recruitment that comprises of online recruitment, social media usage and e-recruitment. The rise in the usage of internet has probably increased in the last decade and it has become one of the most recognized developments in the field of selection and recruitment and the best way to attract the applicants for the jobs (Rees and French, 2016). As per the researches and the data it has analysed that seventy five percent of the organisations have started taking sue of the social media, corporate websites and online methods for the recruitment and selection. There are not many evidences that shows there are produced improved and qualitative outcomes through online recruitment but still it is the best way to have expanded reach. The two major aspects are involvement of social media and e-recruitment practices. There are few of the extremely well-known sites which have their strong participation i n the recruitment of candidates for the organisations. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and few other are the renowned social media platforms that have the most signified presence of candidates as well as companies for accomplishing the recruitment process (Shafique, 2012). The next vital practice is e-recruitment which is also known as online recruitment. E-recruitment is the practice of taking use of the web-based technology and the resources for the purpose of acquiring, fascinating, assessing, hiring and interviewing the potential personnel. The primary purpose behind taking use of the e-recruitment is to reduce the financial and administrative burden of the organisations and to have an extended geographical reach and access to wider pool of talent. In the e-recruitment, there are other companies or businesses that work on the behalf of the other business corporation that are in search of potential candidates. These recruitment companies advertise the vacancies on various sites and o ffer adequate instruction through which the interested candidates can apply for the job. The individuals themselves have huge interest in applying for jobs through e-recruitment as it is the most accessible means of recruitment. The authors have identified several benefits of these recruitment and selection ways such as low cost, wider reach, no geographical limits, convenient way, required less time and increased efficiency (Latkin, et al., 2013). In the recruitment and selection techniques and approaches there is an essential need of taking care of three vital aspects that includes cost, effectiveness and fairness. These are the key factors that are vital for both the organisations and the candidates. The retention and sustainability of the employees completely depends upon the fairness aspect of the recruitment and human resource practices. If the organisational recruitment processes are influenced by nepotism or unfair practices then it wont be able to have competent workforce as well as there will be a workplace with number of conflicts (Ponzo and Scoppa, 2011). The second aspect is effectiveness which illustrates that it is essential that the recruitment process or approaches smut be effective in nature which can offer improved outcomes. It has been analysed that the online recruitment is effective in faster access but as per the analysis of the results shows that it does not give quality results. Thus, there must be effe ctiveness as well as efficiency in the end outcomes. The third aspect is cost, the organisation are required to invest a lot of capital for the purpose of recruitment and selection. But many a times the organisations do not get valuable results as compared to the cost they have exhausted. Thus, there are various means which are highly cost effective that comprise of online recruitments, virtual recruitment and selection, social media, website sourcing, etc. Thus the modern and contemporary organisations must take use of these platforms to save the cost invested on the recruitment and section approaches (Abraham, et al., 2015). Few of the literature also highlight the dominant role of recruitment in reducing or increasing the issues related to discrimination at the workplaces. There are various cases and real life examples from the corporate world that shows the presence of discrimination issues. At the time of recruitment and selection, there are people that take use of unethical approaches while recruiting the candidates that are the basis of generating discrimination issues in the organisations. The first and the primary discrimination is on the basis of gender as the executive hire the candidates by keeping a awful approach of recruiting the male candidates only on priority as they have a irrational mind set that the females are less competent or skilled in comparison with male employees (Van den Brink, 2010). Thus, it increases the issue of gender discriminations. Even after recruitment, at the time rewards and recognition such issues carry forward. Other recruitment discrimination is on the basis of d isability and age as the companies tend to recruit employees who are young in comparison with recruitment of adult and elderly employees as they have a mind-set that they are less energetic and techno-savvy. The companies also make discrimination on the basis of an individuals disability that ruins the brand image of the organisations as well as it also backs by eliminating a more competent employee. Thus, all such discrimination at the workplace are the result of unfair recruitment approaches and it is essential to eliminate such practices and have a more ethical and fair recruitment and selection practices so that there can be attracted the potential, competent and skilled employees for the job (Hurrell and Scholarios, 2011). Conclusion Recruitment and selection approaches have a significant role in the success or failure of the organisations as it the vital aspect of human resource management and the sustainability of the companies. From this report it can be concluded that several authors have highlighted the importance and benefits of having a systematic approach of recruitment and selection so that there can be a gathered attention of more talented candidates. From the insights of the paper it can also be stated that the organisations must have their focus on innovative recruitment practices such as taking sue of e-recruitment, social media, web resources, etc. so that they acne have a better geographical reach and wider access to talent (Bratton and Gold, 2012). The role of competency approach is also increasing day by day and by implementing this approach the organization can increase the efficiency of the recruitment and selection practices. From the overall analysis, it is also concluded that having fairness , equity and parity is a must to avoid the existence of discrimination in the organisation so that the companies can have a better brand image and improved and competent workforce. References Abraham, M., Kaliannan, M., Mohan, A.V. and Thomas, S., 2015. A Review of Smes Recruitment and Selection Dilemma: Finding a'Fit'.The Journal of Developing Areas,49(5), pp.335-342. Ahsan, K., Ho, M. and Khan, S., 2013. Recruiting project managers: A comparative analysis of competencies and recruitment signals from job advertisements.Project Management Journal,44(5), pp.36-54. Arthur, D., 2012.Recruiting, interviewing, selecting orienting new employees. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2012.Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Brewster, C. and Mayrhofer, W. eds., 2012.Handbook of research on comparative human resource management. Edward Elgar Publishing. Cappelli, P. and Keller, J.R., 2014. Talent management: Conceptual approaches and practical challenges.Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav.,1(1), pp.305-331. Hudson, 2017. Competency Framework. Accessed on: 3rd August, 2017. Accessed from: https://au.hudson.com/talent-management/competency-framework Hurrell, S.A. and Scholarios, D., 2011.Recruitment and selection practices, person-brand fit and soft skills gaps in service organizations: The benefits of institutionalized informality(pp. 108-127). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Latkin, C.A., Davey-Rothwell, M.A., Knowlton, A.R., Alexander, K.A., Williams, C.T. and Boodram, B., 2013. Social network approaches to recruitment, HIV prevention, medical care, and medication adherence.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999),63(0 1), p.S54. O'Meara, B. and Petzall, S., 2013.Handbook of Strategic Recruitment and Selection: A Systems Approach. Emerald Group Publishing. Ponzo, M. and Scoppa, V., 2011. A simple model of favouritism in recruitment.Research in Economics,65(2), pp.78-88. Rees, G. and French, R. eds., 2016.Leading, managing and developing people. Kogan Page Publishers. Rothwell, W.J. and Kazanas, H.C., 2011.Mastering the instructional design process: A systematic approach. John Wiley Sons. Sanghi, S., 2016.The handbook of competency mapping: understanding, designing and implementing competency models in organizations. SAGE Publications India. Shafique, O., 2012. Recruitment in the 21st Century. Stahl, G., Bjrkman, I., Farndale, E., Morris, S.S., Paauwe, J., Stiles, P., Trevor, J. and Wright, P., 2012. Six principles of effective global talent management.Sloan Management Review,53(2), pp.25-42. Van den Brink, M., 2010.Behind the scenes of science: Gender practices in the recruitment and selection of professors in the Netherlands. Amsterdam University Press. Vazirani, N., 2010. Competencies and competency model-a brief overview of its development and application.SIES Journal of management,7(1), p.121.

KMC and market attractiveness

Introduction Kids Market Consulting (KMC) was established in 2002 by Natalie Berezovskaya. The company has similar characteristics described by Tsoy (2005) for medium and small companies. Tsoy (2005) discusses that these companies rely on the top manager’s skills for their strategy and success. They hire employees with technical skills to perform other duties.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on KMC and market attractiveness specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More KMC has relied on Berezovskaya’s expertise in children, and experience in the media industry for its success (Taylor Vynogradov, 2004). KMC also attributes part of its success to the partnership it shares with Dynamic Development and Innovation Group (DDI). The current situation is that KMC is threatened by potential competitors who offer undifferentiated products in the Ukrainian market research industry. KMC has created consumer confidence for it s product. Customer loyalty is not guaranteed if competitors develop a similar product. Competitive pricing is the strategy that is most likely to be used by competitors because the market segment appears to have a low growth rate. Russia has a larger market research industry with revenues that amount to about $300 million (Klimenko Harrison, 2013). The Russian market is the most viable expansion location for a small-sized or medium-sized company located in Ukraine. Market attractiveness of Ukraine’s marketing research industry Market attractiveness refers to the market size, growth possibilities, and potential for profits (Cant et al. 2009). The factors to be considered in market attractiveness are market/customer factors, economic and technological factors, competitive factors, and environmental factors (see exhibit 1). Market/consumer factors evaluate the market size, potential, and growth rate. It also considers the product’s stage in the life cycle, customer loya lty, bargaining power of customers, and seasonality of demand (Cant et al., 2009). Stage in life cycle and customer loyalty The life cycle of KMC’s product appears to have reached maturity. If KMC does not find potential expansion areas, its market share can decline because of new rivalry. Firms that offer undifferentiated marketing, advertizing, and branding services consider engaging their services in KMC’s target market (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). KMC has the advantage of customer loyalty.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Its association with Dynamic Development and Innovation Group (DDI) has gives it an advantageous mark of quality. It may be able to withstand competitive forces as a result of the brand image (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). KMC success will also rely on price elasticity in the market. If competitors offer lower prices, customer loyalty may not be guaranteed. Porter’s five forces The market’s profit potential and customer’s bargaining power can be analyzed using Porter’s five forces (McDonald Wilson, 2011). When KMC was developing its product, there was no competition. Children were considered to lack purchasing power. KMC’s successful entry has attracted new rivalry. The market research industry has several large firms offering similar products. Intensity of competition in the industry is high. If the same rivalry that the entire market research industry experiences is transferred to the kids’ market research, KMC is likely to lose a portion of its market share. KMC has to expand geographically. It can intensify its presence in other cities within Ukraine or globally. The threat of substitute is unlikely because kids and adults have different perceptions (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). This makes it necessary to conduct market research that specifically targets children. The market is m ore attractive because the product lacks potential substitutes. The threat of new entrants is determined by the resources that a company needs to start operating. KMC made a successful entry because it relied on DDI resources such as offices, and personnel. KMC had to â€Å"spend 50% of its first year revenue on computers, and project planning activities† (Taylor Vynogradov 2004, p. 6). KMC also has several years of reinvestment. Market entry for a completely new company may be limited by lack of familiarization with the market, and the size of capital. KMC benefited from contacts that the founder had after working in the media industry for several years. New entrants may lack such advantage. However, the large companies that already exist may decide to offer similar services that target kids’ market research. Suppliers have a strong bargaining power if they are a few in the industry. KMC uses psychologists, and other professionals who may be costly to hire. From KMCà ¢â‚¬â„¢s expenses, it is reported that â€Å"70% of the expenses consist of payment made to 5 full-time employees† (Taylor Vynogradov 2004, p. 6).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on KMC and market attractiveness specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Suppliers appear to have strong bargaining power. It is also evident from the revenues of the large firms. Their net income is a small percentage of total revenues (see exhibit 2). This is because of the high cost of supplies. Market attractiveness is reduced by the high cost of human resources. When KMC entered the market, customers did not have strong bargaining power because of less rivalry (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). With more firms willing to offer similar products, customers have gained stronger bargaining power. When customers have stronger bargaining power, profit margins may reduce because of competitive pricing. Low profit margins reduce market attractivene ss. Market growth rate, size and potential KMC is experiencing slow growth. It is also threatened by potential competitors from firms offering undifferentiated services (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). KMC should consider matching its growth rate with that of the whole marketing research industry. It can be used to evaluate possible growth. The growth rate can be estimated using â€Å"average annual growth rate of revenue in that industry† (McDonald Wilson, 2011, p. 180). The Ukrainian market research industry lacks accurate estimates to calculate growth rate. However, a projection can be made using the market leader growth rate. Gfk is the market leader in Ukraine. In 2001, its revenues were 5.07 million hryvnia. In 2011, its revenues were 100.4 million hyrvnia (Gfk Ukraine, 2012). Gfk has experienced an average growth rate of 38.8% in the last ten years (see exhibit 3). KMC could grow at the same rate by investing the same amount of resources. A high growth rate increases market attractiveness. KMC Ukraine can also consider its concentration in the other 6 cities. It can offer specific market research for each city to increase potential for growth. It can also consider that 80% of the population lives in rural areas. According to Taylor Vynogradov (2004), only 20% live in urban centers.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The market size is estimated using total accessible revenue generated in the industry less inaccessible revenue (McDonald Wilson, 2011). The inaccessible revenue represents the customer base that cannot be captured despite additional investment. The size of the Ukrainian market research industry was between $5 million and $20 million (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). The main reason for lack of a more accurate figure is the existence of firms that do not submit their financial records to the government. KMC should consider venturing into the Russian market which is estimated to be 10 times larger (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). Economic and technological factors Economic and technological factors consider the â€Å"investment intensity, level of technology, ability to pass through effects of inflation, barriers to entry/exit, and access to raw materials† (Cant et al. 2009). Barriers to entry have been considered in the Porter’s five forces. Ukraine is considered to have a low inf lation rate (see exhibit 4). Reports indicate that Ukraine is likely to experience deflation this year (Ukraine Inflation Rate, 2013). The Heritage Foundation reports that Ukraine has an inflation rate of 8% (Index of Economic Freedom, 2013). Other reports indicate lower inflation rates. Companies operating in Ukraine are unlikely to lose value through inflation. A low inflation rate increases market attractiveness. The market research industry elaborates mature use of technology. KMC spent 50% of its revenue on computers, and other projects in its first year. This is about $50,000 considering that it generated about $100,000 annually during its initial years. It also invested an additional â€Å"15% to 20% in subsequent years† (Taylor Vynogradov 2004, p. 6). The industry appears to be investment intensive especially on human resources, and technology. A high cost on new technology reduces market attractiveness. Competitive factors Competitive factors consider the product di fferentiation among competitors, industry structure, and competitive groupings among other factors (Cant et al. 2009). There is a great possibility of new entrants in the kids’ market research. KMC benefits from operating under DDI as a competitive grouping. The group may face rivalry from other large groups operating locally or globally. KMC has the advantage of perceived product differentiation. It is also associated with high quality as a result of differentiation. Environmental factors Environmental factors evaluate the â€Å"regulatory climate and degree of social acceptance† (Cant et al., 2009, p. 131). The formation of the Ukrainian Marketing Association (UMA) ensures that companies within the industry use fair practices. UMA is a self regulatory organization (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). It indicates industry maturity. KMC has carried out extensive activities to increase customer awareness. New entrants are likely to find an industry where customers are knowledgea ble. Knowledgeable consumers increase market attractiveness. Kids’ market research significance has been accepted by the industry. Analysis of Kids Market Consulting The major reasons for KMC’s success are the strengths and the competitive advantage. The strengths of the firm are internal factors that give it a competitive advantage. The potential risks are the threats it may face that come from the external environment (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). These factors can be analyzed using the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis Factors that led KMC to succeed KMC succeeded because of external opportunities which came from the discovery of a new product. Kids’ market research was a segment that was despised for lacking marketability. Kids were considered to lack purchasing power (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). KMC had to carry out awareness programs to create a market niche for kids’ market research. KMC was able to change customer needs and tastes to match its product. Othe r external factors that led to its success are the large proportion of children in the population. Taylor Vynogradov (2004) report that 25% of the urban population consists of children. This made it significant for KMC’s customers to consider their potential for sales. KMC was able to succeed by offering a new product that firms in Ukraine thought lacked potential. Ukraine’s economic growth rate is another external factor that led to the success of KMC. It has been between 4% and 8% since 2000 (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). The average monthly wage ($86) is higher than the living minimum wage ($64). Ukraine may appear to have the purchasing power for more consumption. Ukraine’s unemployment rate has been lower between 2005 (7.185%) and 2008 (6.363%) than it was in other years (Ukraine Unemployment Rate, 2013). Its location in Kyiv gives the company an advantage of a larger customer base than in other cities. The knowledge about the Ukraine kids’ market is an other external factor that led KMC to succeed. Market unfamiliarity has slowed down international firms with a similar product from venturing into the Ukrainian market. Strengths are the internal factors that give a company competitive advantage (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). Differentiation is one of KMC’s strengths that led it to succeed. Specializing in the kids’ market gives it time to produce quality products that have created a strong brand image. Its brand is also reinforced by having partnerships with DDI. Ferrell Hartline (2010) explain that an alliance with other firms has potential for internal strength. The founder’s experience, expertise, and contacts made it easier for KMC to reach out to potential customers (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). The founder’s expertise and experience were significant in the success of the firm. As a result of this, KMC success may be attributed to superior management skills. Another internal factor that led to KMC’ s success is the ability to share costs with DDI firms (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). KMC was able to share offices, and human resources reducing its operational costs. The partnership made it less costly and easier for KMC to venture into the business. KMC was able to hire researchers who conduct surveys with assistance from DDI. It was able to produce quality products because of the alliance with DDI. There is mutual benefit where firms under DDI group are able to sell different products to the same customers. KMC is able to reduce costs by selling one product to several buyers (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). In the consolidated research strategy, the cost of developing the product remains constant while the revenues increase because of more buyers. The KMC reinvestment strategy has enabled it to obtain new technology. New technology enables the company to compete with large firms. Threats and weaknesses KMC main weakness is the lack of a strategic direction to increase growth and profitab ility. KMC market share appears to be consistent on a narrow product line (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). KMC relies only on one product. KMC should consider broadening its product line to include specific manufactured kids’ products, and specific manufacturing firms. It may increase product relevance to customers. It may increase their need to purchase its services, and documented products. Another weakness is that KMC has a few full-time employees compared to potential competitors. Taylor Vynogradov (2004) discuss that KMC has only 5 full-time employees. Gfk reports that it has 170 full-time employees in the Ukraine market research industry (GfkUkraine, 2012). A lower number of employees may reduce costs but it may also be the cause of the slow growth rate. A company is able to broaden its services with more dedicated employees. Employee commitment also increases the quality of product. Threats develop from external factors such as the firms offering undifferentiated products m ay choose to offer a similar product. For example, Gfk has a large number of employees and other resources (Gfk Ukraine, 2012). It may find it easier to dedicate some of its resources to develop a similar product. It is a market leader and has a strong brand image. It is likely to capture a larger market share than KMC in the kids’ market research segment. The KMC product life cycle could face a decline stage if new rivalry develops before it finds new market or new strategy (Taylor Vynogradov, 2004). If other firms venture into the kids’ market research, it is likely to be saturated within a short period. Future of the KMC Large companies may develop similar products to KMC. If they may target the same market segment, KMC market share is likely to reduce. The founder should continue with the plans to expand geographically to ensure growth of the company. The first geographic location the company should venture into should be the Russian market. It is 10 times bigger than that of Ukraine (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). Klimenko Harrison (2013) discusses that the Russian market was about $300million to $310 million in 2008. KMC is likely to grow 10 times if it invests the right amount of resources. In Russia, the top six market research companies had total revenues that amounted to about USD 40 million in 2003 (Tsoy, 2005). The medium sized companies that earn between USD 0.3 million to 1 million were about 25 companies in 2003. KMC may fall into this category. The industry appears saturated but KMC can perform better because of the uniqueness of its product. In Russia, the medium and small market research companies owned about 30% to 35% market share in 2003. Demand in market research products was expected to grow between 30% and 50% (Tsoy 2005). KMC is likely to create a market segment that fits its product. The Ukrainian social environment is almost similar to that in Russia. As a result of market similarity, KMC may have a lesser challenge coping with a new market. There is an expected growth in demand that may keep large companies focused on their product mix rather than venture into KMC’s product line. KMC has developed a strong brand image. It focuses on specialization and product quality (Taylor Vynogradov 2004). It also has a loyal customer base. As a result these factors, KMC should be able to face rivalry with its current market position. It can maintain its customers if it ensures accuracy of surveys to develop quality products. It can also limit rivalry by having most of its employees working full-time. It can avoid having the same employees working for competitors. If the same employees work for competitors, product qualities are likely to be similar. The competition would go to competitive pricing. With higher quality products, KMC can manage to maintain the same level of market share while competitors look for new customers. KMC should also consider increasing the length of its product mix. It can be don e by broadening to services that are closely associated with understanding children’s behavior. KMC can also develop products that target specific manufactured products, and then market them to the companies involved in the manufacturing of the products. Conclusion KMC should keep its product quality to be higher than the other companies to maintain the same level of market share, and to overcome competitive pricing. If large companies with a stronger brand image such Gfk enter its market segment, KMC is likely to lose part of its market share. However, it can still maintain higher quality than Gfk because of its complete product differentiation. KMC should consider venturing into the Russian market because it has a higher demand growth forecast that firms may be unable to satisfy. Its product uniqueness also favors its entry into many other countries. If KMC expands in Russia, there is a large space to fill before its market segment is saturated. The Ukrainian research marke t appears to be attractive because the market leader, Gfk, has an average annual growth of 38% for the last ten years (Gfk Ukraine, 2013). It shows that with more resources KMC can grow even without venturing into new geographical locations. KMC is likely to continue benefitting from the manager’s expertise, and experience in the industry. KMC may appear a small company, but DDI as a group is a large company. KMC may benefit from the alliance through brand image, and ability to sell different products to the same customers. Reference List Cant, C. M., Strydom, W. J., Jooste, J. C., Du Plessis, J. P. (2009). Marketing Management. Cape Town: Juta Company. Ferrell, O., Hartline, M. (2010). Marketing Strategy (5th ed.). Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning. Gfk Ukraine. (2012). Growth from Knowledge. Retrieved from http://www.gfk.ua/imperia/md/content/gfkukraine/presentations/gfk_ukr_comp_p resentation_eng.pdf Index of Economic Freedom. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.herit age.org/index/country/ukraine Klimenko, T., Harrison, M. (2013). Business-to-Business Market Research in Russia. Retrieved from http://www.b2binternational.com/publications/white- papers/russian-market-research/ McDonald, M., Wilson, H. (2011). Marketing Plans: How to Prepare Them, How to Use Them (7th ed.). Chichester: John Wiley Sons. Taylor, S., Vynagradov, O. (2004). Kids Market Consulting. London: Ivey Management Services. Tsoy, Y. M. (2005). The Analysis of Marketing Research Industry in Russia, KORUS. 6 (1), 953-956. Ukraine Inflation Rate. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.tradingeconomics.com/ukraine/inflation-cpi Ukraine Unemployment Rate. (2013). Retrieved from http://world-economic- outlook.findthedata.org/l/5835/Ukraine Appendices Exhibit 1 Factors considered in market attractiveness (Cant et al. 2009). Market attractiveness Competitive position Market/customer factors Size of market- 5 to 20 million USD Market potential- mature The growth rate of market- mark et leader grows by an average of 38% annually Stage in life cycle- maturity Diversity of competitive offerings- undifferentiated products Current customer loyalty- KMC has a strong brand image/built customer confidence Price elasticity- unknown but likely Bargaining power of customers- currently is low for KMC Seasonality of demand- likely Market position factors Relative market share- unknown Rate of change in market share (increasing or decreasing) – slow growth Perceived actual or potential differentiation- actual product differentiation Breadth of current or planned product mix- single product line Company image- strong brand image Economic and technological factors Investment intensity (heavy/medium/low) – considered medium because of costly analysis software and personnel but no plant Level and maturity of technology utilization- high Ability to pass through effects of inflation- low inflation rate about 0.3% Barriers to entry/exit- expertise and other fo rms of capital Access to raw materials- less influential Economic and technological factors Relative cost position- high Capacity utilization- high considering it uses freelancers Technological position- high Patented technology (product or technology) – none except brand Competitive factors Industry structure- saturated Competitive groupings- multiple Threats from substitution- likely Perceived differentiation among competitors- less differentiation Individual competitors’ strengths- Gfk has resources and a strong brand Possibility of new entrants- likely Capabilities of organization Management strength and depth- highly skilled Financial resources- support from DDI RD capabilities- unknown Marketing skills/strengths- good Sales force- unknown Distribution network- unknown Labor relations- unknown Relations with regulators- good Environmental factors Regulatory climate- UMA, a self-regulatory body Degree of social acceptance- customer is well-informed Synergy with other segments Market synergy- ability to benefit from growth in other fields such as psychology and statistics Operational synergy- DDI group Exhibit 2 The net income of global companies for the year 2003 as reported by Taylor Vynogradov (2004) Firm Total income Net income Profit margin Gfk $747m $41.8m 5.6% IPSOS S.A. $564.3m $7.5m 1.3% VNU N.V. $4.9b $163.1m 3.3% Exhibit 3 Gfk revenues and estimated growth rate from 2001 to 2011. Retrieved from http://www.gfk.ua/imperia/md/content/gfkukraine/presentations/gfk_ukr_comp_presentation_eng.pdf Year Growth rate% 2001 – 2002 43.9 2003 116.4 2004 58.9 2005 37.5 2006 27.7 2007 14.3 2008 54.2 2009 1.4 2010 18.7 2011 12.8 Average growth rate 38.8% Exhibit 4 Ukraine’s inflation rate as retrieved from http://www.tradingeconomics.com/ukraine/inflation-cpi This report on KMC and market attractiveness was written and submitted by user Sebastian Berg to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The eNotes Blog Tableaux Vivants for the 21stCentury

Tableaux Vivants for the 21stCentury â€Å"Portrait of Sylvia Von Harden†Ã‚  remake by Stephan Hoffman SoYeon Kim â€Å"Portrait of Sylvia Von Harden†Ã‚  by Wilhelm Heinrich Otto Dix Lest we think we, as modern people came up with performance art, here is an idea that is older than our country: the art of Tableaux Vivants. The Oxford English Dictionary defines tableaux vivants as a representation of a person, character, scene, incident, etc., of a well-known painting or statue by one person or a group of persons in suitable costumes or attitudes, silent and motionless.   Such playful, yet at times, serious, art has been around since at least the mid-18th century. The Italian actor Carlo Bertinazzi performed the The Village Betrothal in Los Noces dArlequin by Jean-Baptist Grueze for the court at the Palace of Versailles in 1760. Tableaux vivant actors tried to mimic costume, lighting, and theme in order to delight, educate, and inform. These living paintings were very popular in the early 19th century when the re-creations were moved from lofty venues like palaces to more humble ones, such as the parlors of affluent Americans. Godeys Ladys Book, arguably the most popular and influential magazine of its time, described tableaux vivant as one of the most popular of party activities which also served to engender a love and appreciation for art. Today, actors and artists still seek to create in form what visual artists put to paper. In April, the Adobe corporation challenged students in the UK to create their own tableaux vivant and vie for a 10,000 pound prize. An American website called Booooom wanted to participate in the project and asked Adobe for permission to adopt the idea (though not the prize).   Adobe agreed. Here are just a few of the stunning photographic tableaux vivants. What is truly delightful is the way in which many of the artists do not create a literal homage to the original work, but nevertheless embody its spirit. Check out ALL the entries here (more accepted until 10/21/11)   and more creative events on Boooooms   Facebook page. â€Å"Self Portrait 1889†³Ã‚  remake by Seth Johnson â€Å"Self Portrait 1889†³ by Vincent van Gogh â€Å"Automata† remake by Or Eitan â€Å"Automata† by Edward Hopper â€Å"Narcissus†Ã‚  remake by  Max Zerrahn â€Å"Narcissus†Ã‚  by Caravaggio

In Dept To China Essays - Steelmaking, Agricultural Machinery

In Dept To China Essays - Steelmaking, Agricultural Machinery In Dept To China The World is forever in debt to China for its innovations. Ancient China was extreme advance and many of its discoveries are still in use today. This is what Robert Temple, the author of The Genius of China 3000 years of science, discovery and invention. The book is based on 11 main parts of Chinese innovation. Within these 11 categories, there are 3 main parts that contain the most significant inventions. Robert Temple concentrates the bulk of his examples in these three categories, agriculture, domestic and industrial technology , and engineering. Temples examples were not limited to these fields of innovation. The Chinese excelled in many other areas, including mathematics, warfare and transportation, to name a few. Although Temple wrote about eleven fields of invention, I feel that these three sections contain the greatest examples of Chinese innovation, and the debt that the modern world owes China. The first main area is the field of engineering. Within this chapter, the develo pment of iron and steel is the greatest achievement. The development of iron and steel led to other advances. By at least the 4th century the Chinese have developed blast furnaces to obtain cast iron from iron ore. This was 1200 years before the first blast furnace showed up in Europe. The reasons that the author gave to explain the reasons why the Chinese developed this technology are simple. The Chinese had access to large amounts of clay, the key ingredient in making blast furnaces. The Chinese also figured out that by adding a substance they called :Black Earth, they could lower the melting point of iron. Another major invention of the Chinese, that led to other achievements, is steel. The common belief today is that Henry Bessemer discovered the process of refining iron into steel. The fact is Chinese had developed the process to refine iron into steel in the second century BC The Chinese learned that by injecting oxygen into the blast furnace, they could remove the carbon from the iron. The Chinese called this process the hundred refinings method since they repeated the process that many times. The finished product was highly prized in China for its strength and ability to hold an edge on a sword. The Chinese would weld the steel onto weaker iron thus creating a strong edge and a superior weapon. The Chinese iron and steel workers were the best at making different types of metals into modern times. But then, no one else could have done so at the time, since iron existed nowhere else but in China. The Chinese invented the chain pump in the first century AD The chain pump allows water to the pumped from lower to higher elevations. The chain pumps were used for draining and pumping in civil engineering, but what is more important is it was used for irrigation. Irrigation allows for greater and more intense farming, thus resulting in a better crop yield. With the greater crop yields larger populations can be supported. The chain pump was exported to all part s of the world by way of visiting ambassadors and dignitaries. The first European chain pump appeared in the sixteenth century, and was a direct copy of the Chinese version. The second area of great Chinese achievement is in domestic and industrial technology. The most recognized Chinese invention is in the field of domestic and industrial technology, paper. Paper was invented around the second century BC and was used as clothing. One might not believe that paper could be used as clothing, but the paper made at that time used thicker and tougher paper fibers. Not only was paper used for clothing, it was also used for military body armor. The Chinese found out that pleated sheets of paper could stop the penetration of arrows. The paper armor was standard issue with Chinese land and sea units. Papers writing property was not discovered till about one century after its discovery. The earliest example of writing on paper was found an abandon military post. The paper found dates back to 110 AD and contained two dozen readable characters. The area that let China grow and expand was the innovations in the area of agriculture.

Statement of purpose Personal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Of purpose - Personal Statement Example My masters in TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language) has helped in honing my skills in dealing with others, especially students. I taught in two national schools ( Al-Batool and Makkah). My actual experiences as a teacher gave me the opportunity to conceptualize and implement effective ways in ascertaining order. As a teacher, I had to inspire learning among my students since leaders are sources of encouragement and motivation. I observed that ineffective leaders do not inspire others to act on goals. Moreover, I had to make wise decisions in response to the uniqueness of situations. Leaders ought to decide efficiently when facing uncertainties. Any judgment may be vital to the nature of the future and may affect others’ situations. Generally, leaders need to know how to think and act concerning various social situations and different kinds of people. I have come to understand the social processes involved in teaching. There were also a number of enlightenments regarding people’s personalities and ways of absorbing information. These aptitudes are affected by their culture and innate characteristics. I also recognized that I need to consider each person’s uniqueness if I want to have a successful communication with him. With my involvements, I realized that I am responsible, well organized, independent, cooperative, conscientious, patient, and hardworking. In the future, I aim to be successful in the education arena. I am fortunate enough to know what and who I really want to become. This self-knowledge has led me to conceptualize of steps that may help me achieve greater objectives. It is a vocation that seeks to make significant changes for tomorrow’s generations. It is also a profession that has a lot of intrinsic motivation. There is no greater bliss than the feeling of making significant changes in the lives of young minds. I have also seen that certain changes should be made to fully cater to the varied needs of pupils. F or instance, the issues on language barriers and cultural differences must be fully addressed. With these concerns in mind, I am enthused to take up Doctorate in Educational Leadership for Social Justice. This is the ideal course to help me in being involved in empowering fairness in schools as well as communities. With the numerous crises that the world is going through, this course can prepare me to identify issues associated with education and how to act on them. To further cultivate my career, I have acknowledged that it is very essential to participate in higher forms of education. Indeed, learning lasts for a lifetime. This can be better attained by enrolling in schools with programs featuring excellent curricula. This is the main reason why I want to study in Loyola Marymount University. It is an institution boasting accreditations, excellent faculty, and competitive facilities. Personally, its mission to encourage learning of the whole person and to promote justice with the service of faith is vastly cogent. This is tightly connected to the field that I want to focus on since it is all about integrity and equality. â€Å"Scholars in the field of education prepare thousands of future school leaders every year†(Capper, Theoharis, and Sebastian, 209). However, are they being prepared to implement justice in their professions? If given the opportunity, I particularly would like to look into operational educational leadership programs that can benefit

Sigmund Freud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Sigmund Freud - Essay Example Sigmund Freud is well-remembered by history not for coming up with the right answers,but for asking the right questions.His conception of mental illness as something that could be understood,engaged with,and treated transformed our conception of the mentally ill or mentally disabled,and led to gradual improvements in the treatment of sufferers, both of emotional disturbance and cognitive disability. For a long time, mental handicaps were seen as completely insurmountable, just something that nobody could engage with or do anything about. In the 20th century, though, that began to change. The notion that mental illness was treatable began to become widespread, and mental hospitals because places of treatment rather than mere confinement. A good example of the changing attitudes is the 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, based on Ken Kesey’s 1962 novel of the same title. In it, Randle McMurphy, played by Jack Nicholson, is transferred from prison to a mental instit ution, where he challenges the way the institution is run. Prior to his arrival, the institution is essentially a holding pen, a place where people are kept because society doesn’t want to deal with them. There is no real expectation that anyone ever will, or ever can, leave the institution or be cured of their problems. Indeed, McMurphy initially goes there because he thinks it will be an easier place than prison to serve out the remainder of his sentence, only to discover that one he’s in the institutional system, he can be kept there indefinitely against his will. However, by engaging with the other patients as human beings, McMurphy challenges the authority of the institutional system. He reveals that most of his fellow â€Å"nuts,† in his phrase, are capable of functioning at a higher level than they are given credit for, and even the mysterious Chief Bromden has been completely misdiagnosed. He’s not deaf and mute; he’s just very quiet. The s tory is a larger metaphor about the emasculating effects of institutional systems (it is not by accident that Nurse Ratched is female) but the very fact that it was set in a mental hospital reveals a serious change in attitudes toward the mentally ill and disabled. The 1960s were a fertile time for changing attitudes, and the liberation of McMurphy’s compatriots should be seen in that context. In 1968, the Special Olympics were founded, as parents of mentally disabled children were encouraged for the first time to take pride in their offspring despite their disability. Prior to this era, such parents were frequently told to have their children permanently institutionalized, and tell people they were dead. As another example, three years prior to the release of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, there had been a famous television expose of the Willowbrook State School, a grossly abusive and inadequate institution for mentally disabled children and youths. It led to a publ ic outcry and a series of reforms in how such institutions were run. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, in that sense, is chronicling an unfolding cultural narrative about the treatment of mental handicaps; it’s a story about changing attitudes that came out in a time of changing attitudes. There is often an easy narrative applied to the Civil War, one in which evil, racist Confederates are opposed by virtuous, non-racist Union troops. Few would phrase it in exactly that way, but that is the basic structure of the model many people absorb from pop culture and conventional wisdom. Like most such good-vs.-evil narratives, it is a gross oversimplification that misses much of its own point. Reality is, as ever, more complex. At another end of the spectrum, one finds those who insist that the war had nothing to do with slavery, that that was a mere incidental issue. Considering that every state that seceded wrote an elaborate proclamation of their reasons, and that every one of those documents cites slavery as their central ideological issue, the

Energy Crisis Essay Example for Free

Energy Crisis Essay Every country in the world uses energy. For example: to cook. It is becoming one of the basic needs in life. But where does the energy come from? In the year 2008, 85% of the power that we are using was nonrenewable energy, which means that someday, these energies will be gone. However, right now, there are people who have started using renewable energy such as solar energy. There are more than 7 billion people in the world right now and it will keep rising while the energy resources are depleting. Even though there are many energies that are renewable, the renewable energies are harder to make use of, which is one of the reasons why not many people use them. Also, they require some advanced technology. If we don’t find something else to replace oil, coal and natural gas, we won’t have the energy to use in the future. One of the forms of the renewable energy is solar energy. Solar energy uses energy from sunlight to create energy for our home. Sunlight is a clean, renewable resource. There are many ways to get energy from sunlight, such as the photovoltaic (PV) panels, converting sunlight into electricity and solar electricity, using the sun’s heat to produce electricity. Solar cells, or the photovoltaic panels, convert sunlight directly into electricity. We can often find solar cells in calculators and watches. Since solar cells are made up of semiconducting materials, materials whose conductivity will increase with temperature, sunlight will lose their electrons, allowing the electrons to flow through semiconducting materials to produce electricity when sunlight is absorbed. Solar electricity is separated into three kinds: parabolic-trough, dish/engine, and power tower. Parabolic-trough concentrates the sunlight through mirrors. The mirror will be tilted towards the sun, heating the oil that is flowing in the pipe inside the panel. Heated oil will then be used to boil water to produce electricity. The dish/engine is a dish-shaped mirror that will collect heat from sunlight and transfer it to the fluid within the engine. The heat would cause the fluid to expand and produce mechanical power. A power tower system uses a large field of mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto the top of a tower. This heat will melt salt that flows through the receiver and the salts heat will be used to generate electricity through a conventional steam generator. With different kinds of solar panel, the price varies in the range from $5,000 to $30,000, depending on the effectiveness and the amount of energy you use. Even though the solar panels are expensive, many people still use them since they think that solar energy is energy-efficient and green. One of the advantages solar energy has is being renewable. As long as there are living things on this planet, there will always be solar energy since we get solar energy from sunlight. Even though sunlight is not present at night, the solar energy could still be stored by charging the batteries during the day and be used at night. We could then get more sunlight on the next day. Moreover, solar energy creates absolutely no pollution or noise, unlike other machines. It doesn’t damage the environment by emitting greenhouse gases or polluting water, air or land. By using this source of energy, the air will be cleaner and it helps stop the global warming. Other than this, in the long term, the solar energy is much cheaper than the energy resources we are using now. Even though it is expensive, initially the maintenance requirement is very small and the service life is around 30 years. The main disadvantage of solar energy is that it is extremely expensive. This is mostly why nowadays, not many people use solar energy. The price is unaffordable. Furthermore, since our world is polluted, the rain or the clouds could block sunlight from getting to the panels, making it ineffective. With a cloudy climate, the panels will be able to produce sunlight at a slower rate and may require more panels to generate enough electricity for your house, which will require more money. Even though using solar energy in houses might not require huge amount of area, big buildings do. To use the solar panels to their maximum ability, they need to be in the sun. With bigger buildings, you will need many more panels and to get them to work to their maximum ability, you will need a huge amount of area for the panels to be in the sunlight. Even though solar energy has some disadvantages, the advantages still overweight the disadvantages since energies are running out and this solar energy is everywhere. If we can get all of the energy that was sent to this planet, we could light the entire planet for one year within an hour. But the problem with this is we cant. If we can find a way to harvest this energy, we can have as much electricity as we want until the end of the human generation. Right now, there are many renewable energies that scientists have found but they are not yet the best way to solve the energy crisis. Therefore, scientists are still searching for new forms of energy. Dark energy is another form of energy that is very useful to mankind. In the universe, it is composed of up to 74% dark energy. What is dark energy? Dark energy is the unexplained force that causes the acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Even though there is no evidence that the dark energy does exist, people agree that it does since they believe that the universe had a beginning, and is expanding. Other than dark energy, the underwater pressure can be another useful energy resource. Beneath the water surface, there is a potential constant source of unused hydroelectric power in the form of deep water pressure. According to Rick Dickson, he had invented a way to harvest this deep water pressure by transferring its pressure to air and then to a piston. The name of this process is called Ocean Pressure Electric Conversion. Therefore, as we know, the dark energy and the hydroelectric power are very powerful; if we could get dark energy by using a similar way to the way we get solar energy and harvest the water pressure, Im positive that we would never run out of energy again. Works Cited World Energy Crisis . World Energy Crisis . N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://planetforlife.com/. Disadvantages Of Solar Energy. Natural Renewable Energy Sources Clean Energy Ideas. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www.clean-energy-ideas.com/articles/disadvantages_of_solar_energy.html. Disadvantages of Solar Power Solar Energy Disadvantages Disadvantages of Solar Energy. Go Green with Solar Energy. N.p., n.d. Web.

Analysis of Percy Jackson and the Olympians Essay -- Character, Greek

The fact that Percy Jackson has friends is incredible. It’s an unshakable fact that any friend of his within a ten mile radius will be in a life or death situation with him by dinner, and they aren’t always so lucky as him. But that’s getting ahead of ourselves. Over the course of the five-part contemporary young adult series Percy Jackson & The Olympians, titular character Percy Jackson must embrace his Greek God parentage and save Olympus with the help of his fellow demigods. The aim of this paper is to discuss his Hero’s Journey throughout the series, provide an in depth character analysis, and draw parallels between Percy and the three classic Greek heroes of mythology: Perseus, Theseus, and Hercules. The first novel of the series, Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief , is where Percy’s Hero’s Journey begins, encompassing the first five stages. The Ordinary World, the first stage, is the introduction of the main hero. â€Å"The hero, uneasy, uncomfortable or unaware, is introduced sympathetically so the audience can identify with the situation or dilemma† (Campbell). Percy Jackson, a twelve year old diagnosed with both dyslexia and ADHD living in New York with his loving, over-worked mother and abusive stepfather, begins his story attending a boarding school for â€Å"troubled youth† and having a less than spectacular time being the new kid. Despite his good intentions of protecting his only friend Grover from a bully, Percy gets in trouble at school and is pulled aside by one of his teachers, whom is revealed to be the Fury Alecto, one of Hades’s servants in disguise. It is at this point in the story in which the second stage, The Call to Adven ture, comes into play. Percy defeats the Fury with the help of a centaur named Chiron, t... ...Journey and examine the heroic parallels between Percy Jackson and the great Greek heroes Perseus, Theseus, and Hercules through a timeless lense. Works Cited Campbell, Joseph. "The Hero's Journey Outline." Hero's Journey. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. . Eliade, Mircea. "In Search of Cupid and Psyche: Chapter Two." In Search of Cupid and Psyche: Chapter Two. Harper & Row, 1 Jan. 1963. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. . Riordan, Rick. Percy Jackson & The Olympians. Neu bearb. Ausg. ed. Hamburg: Hyperion, Print. Wistrom, Elizabeth . "Percy Jackson: Character Analysis." Bright Hub Education. N.p., 20 Jan. 2012. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. .

Preaching to Every Pew: A Book Review Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issue of immigration continues to be a thorny issue in the United States. The number of Hispanics and Asians is on the rise. Even if there are sectors in the society who want to limit the number of immigrants in the country, it can no longer be denied that immigrants play an increasing role in the fabric of the American society. Up to some extent, the authorities and the people in the society should be able to cope with this reality and make the best use of the situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As different races enter the United States, culture becomes richer and more diverse. The society, including the churches, should take note of the changes brought about by this phenomenon and reach out to people belonging to different cultural backgrounds. This multicultural setting, however, is a difficult thing to handle. There are different issues that have to be understood and dealt with if the churches would like to be relevant to all people groups. After all, the church is not only a church for White people but the Lord Jesus Christ repeatedly stressed the universality of the Gospel and the brotherhood of all humans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cultural diversity includes differences in language—and this not only involves the grammar and modes of speaking and writing. Rather, there are subtle nuances and differences in expressing metaphors and meaning, which is inherent in every language. As such, those who speak English as a second language would not easily understand metaphors and idiomatic expressions in the English language.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition to this, every culture has different practices, which would seem incomprehensible or downright crazy to people from another culture. If the lenses of a particular culture were used to understand another, then the result would be conflict and misunderstanding. Dealing with Multiculturalism in the Church   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The churches are not spared from this difficulty of dealing with multiculturalism. However, unlike the corporate world that explores how to deal with multiculturalism, churches are floundering with their efforts to reach out to people belong to different cultures. With this reality in North America, Nieman and Rogers’ book â€Å"Preaching to Every Pew† is a timely advice and provides a blueprint in dealing with multiculturalism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The book is not merely the musings of two theorists. Rather, the authors did extensive research and interviews with pastors whose ministries are located in multicultural settings. Hence, their ministry is grounded in actual practice, thereby providing credence to the concepts and principles that they explore. Their approach is systematic and comprehensive. They cover all the major factors affecting the issue of multiculturalism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The authors explore hospitality as a theological mandate for pastors and church members to deal with the cultural diversity in their congregations. Indeed, throughout the Old Testament, hospitality[1] is an important commandment of God. In the New Testament, hospitality was extended to Jesus and eventually to the disciples as they propagated the world to different areas of the world. Their setting then was also multicultural. Jesus, himself, offers a great example of cross-cultural communication. When Jesus was in Samaria, he transcended cultural differences and social differences when he talked and ministered to the Samaritan woman. When he spoke to the woman, he used terms and cultural references that the woman could relate to. If he did not, then the chances are, the woman will not listen to him and simply dismiss his claims. By looking at the example of Christ, we can see his sensitivity as well as the way he considered the cultural background of the person he is talking to. Through these theological principles, then, Christians are reminded of their roots and how they can emulate the example of Jesus and of the early disciples in dealing with believers from other cultural settings. This discussion is then followed by an examination of different cultural â€Å"frames† of the congregation. Cultural Frames Affecting Diversity There are four different cultural frames that the author explored: ethnicity, economic class, geographical displacement, and religious belief. These cultural frames were used by the authors in explaining the nature and dynamics of multiculturalism in the church. Through carefully crafted chapters, the authors described the cultural frame under consideration. After such a description, they listed down misconceptions and dealt with them point by point. According to the authors, the concept of ethnicity is more comprehensive than the term â€Å"race† because the former takes into account the communal identities of peoples instead of merely taking note of colors and physical characteristics. In addition to this, people who move to the United States are usually displaced geographically because of economic needs—they do not have much opportunity to work in their countries. As such, they choose to risk their lives and their identities by coming to America. As a result of the displacement, they become disoriented and they might feel that they do not belong to the new society where they relocated. Even if they were Christians from their places of origin, they still find it difficult to assimilate themselves to the American society that they find themselves in. In a sense, ethnicity becomes a question of politics and economics. Their social situation also has an important impact on the way they will accept or listen to sermons directed to them. Furthermore, because of their cultural backgrounds, they will have different views regarding Christianity and the message it brings. Economic class is another cultural frame through which immigrants view their world. Because they have to work a lot and meet their needs, a lot of immigrants would rather go to work on Sundays rather than attend church and listen to the sermon. This should also be taken into account by preachers. After all, a pastor or a priest talking to middle class families will not make much sense to an immigrant who is barely making a living, in the same way that middle class could not relate with preaching directed towards rich people. After dealing fully with the cultural frame, the authors then enumerate several areas in the frame under consideration, which preachers, pastors, and even priests should take into account as they minister through preaching to a multicultural congregation. In conclusion to the chapters dealing with these cultural frames, the authors suggest several strategies in preaching to a multicultural congregation. People from other parts of the world tend to bring with them their own religion. When they enter the United States, they might have come from a Buddhist, Islamic, or non-Christian religions. Each religion would have its own worldview and assumptions about the world. Hence, there is also a challenge in communicating with people from different religions. But in a manner of speaking, those who have a similar concept of a personal God might be easier to talk to than those from polytheistic religions. In the final chapter of the book, Niemann and Rogers provided a discussion on the ministry of preachers and their role in this fast changing world. Multiculturalism is another issue that they have to deal with if they were to minister effectively to their congregations. With globalization raging all over the world and as people become more mobile, the challenges of preaching can easily become gargantuan. The authors, therefore, provided several means in which preachers and pastors can do this. The authors dealt with cultural diversity in the churches. However, they did not dwell much on the social advocacy part of the issue. Nonetheless, the authors did a good job of helping church workers be jolted awake in dealing with cultural diversity. The world tends to be confusing and more difficult to deal with because of a great deal of issues. Yet, the authors have drawn upon God’s word and actual experiences in the field to draw out interesting concepts and strategies to deal with this cultural diverse world created by God. The Authors   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both James R. Niemann and Thomas G. Rogers teach Homiletics. The former teaches at Wartburg Theological Seminary while the latter is Associate Professor at Pacific Lutheran Theological Seminary. Both authors are Lutheran in background. Even with their background, the authors were able to transcend denominational differences to become relevant to most denominations, including the Roman Catholic Church since the issue they are dealing with affects not only protestant churches, but every church in general. Cultural Diversity and the Challenge of the Times Cultural diversity can no longer be prevented. In fact, it might grow even more pronounced in the coming years as more and more countries become open to each other. Because of this diversity, people from different cultural backgrounds will have different and radical interpretations even if they were listening to the same message. Niemann and Rogers’ book helps preachers deal with this. In the process, they are also helping congregations in the long run in understanding God’s word preached to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Preaching to Every Pew† is a relevant book to our times—for mainline protestant denomination and even for the Roman Catholic Church. The book provides a comprehensive look at how culture shapes the worldviews of people and how it influences the already complicated process of communication. Since preaching is a form of communication involving the word of God, the authors then outline principles and practices based on scriptures and on actual practice so that preaching can be more dynamic in dealing with cultural diversity. In this regard, the book is a very useful tool for pastors, priests and even lay preachers. It helps them become more relevant and interesting. Hopefully, by consulting this book, pastors, preachers, and priests can avoid becoming boring and insensitive in the church. Rather, they can become dynamic and sensitive to the cultural diversity that God has instituted in the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The authors have provided great insights into the cross-cultural nature of society. These are grounded in biblical principles and practical application. Yet, there is no alternative for loving people and treating them as neighbors in accordance with what the Bible teaches. Differences may be there but through cross-cultural strategies, pastors, preachers and priests can truly help in making these Christians one although diverse. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Church is Christ’s legacy. It is His instrument in working out His will on the planet. The church, on the other hand, even through its flaws and mistakes, is called upon to initiate people into the wonderful experience of following Christ. This is done best by preaching and actual means of reaching out to people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issue of immigration has been going on in the United States for the past decades. As this trend goes on, the Church is called upon to rethink its strategies and its framework in dealing with an increasingly becoming multicultural society. Although preaching is still a good way of reaching out to these immigrants, additional strategies are needed so that they can become more receptive to the message that the church has to offer. If they were tapped and immersed in the life of the church in the United States, these immigrants can add vibrancy and dynamism to the church through their different perspectives[2]. Christ, as the model of the Church, loved people and accepted them. In the course of his ministry, he showed cultural relevance and sensitivity. The church should no less than follow his footsteps. Otherwise, it fails to be relevant and it fails the mandate given to it by Christ.   Niemann and Rogers have done a great job in showing to the church and Christians alike how to devised strategies and techniques dealing with multiculturalism in the society and in the church. Bibliography Niemann, James R. and Thomas G. Rogers. Preaching to Every Pew: Cross-Cultural Strategies. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2001. Warner, R. Stephen and Judith G. Wittner. Gatherings in Diaspora: Religious Communities and the New Immigration. Temple University Press, 1998 [1] Niemann, James R. and Thomas G. Rogers. Preaching to Every Pew: Cross-Cultural Strategies. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2001. (p. 18) [2] Warner, R. Stephen and Judith G. Wittner. Gatherings in Diaspora: Religious Communities and the New Immigration. Temple University Press, 1998, p. 368.   

Negative Effects of Privatizing Social Security

Bush administration’s continuous emphasis on the issue of privatization of social security services has generated much hype in the recent years. Many a social security scholars and workers take into account its bad effects on the socio-cultural sector and economic domain of United States rather than eulogizing it. They put forward many negative effects of this privatization of social security. One of the prime negative effects is that a system that is carved out to offer benefits to employees and their kin upon retirement, disability, or bereavement is going to be treated like a commodity. It is a public service and is not a commercial service. From the very start of social security system in 1935, the program was based on the basis principle that magnitude of the remuneration package would depend on the income of employees over their professional time span. Contrary to this, Bush administration’s new privatized security system would take into account the   Ã‚  amount of funds that a worker would invest in his or her own personal account. Ultimately, this will lower the magnitude of benefit and there would be a great uncertainty on the part of the workers about their investments, margin over investments and remuneration. This would not only result into socio-economic maladies for their but psychological and mental health of the workers would be in danger too. Some scholars are of the view that â€Å"Rate of return† calculations, made by the proponents of privatized social security overlook the â€Å"value of Social Security's insurance protections†. So privatization of Social Security would divert the money that is currently used to finance existing insurance program into investment accounts (this proposed to be created for each worker). So from what sources this amount, that is being used to carry on current payments to recipients of a variety of Social Security insurance and other benefits, will be collected? It would generate a cause and effect phenomenon. For example Treasury of States have to borrow huge amounts from the private sectors and other financial institutes instantaneously in order to pay the insurance and other retirement benefits to the already retired and/or their families. This would cause negative impact on the national economy and federal deficit would go up. National saving would decline and it will effect the long-tern economic development. Another negative impact of the privatization of social security is that remuneration on the finances of workers through individual accounts would be totally dependent on the market trends. Furthermore scholars argue that individual investors are more prone to perform badly in the market than collective investments. In the above case brokerage houses, banks and mutual funds would be beneficial. Social Security programs does not take into account the gender differences and its patterns and procedures treat men and women on equal terms, But is a biological and cultural truth that women get the worst provided by the social security. So in this way, she will be the most hard-hit in the privatization process of social security. Caroll L. Estes as early as 2004 take into consideration the negative impact of privatization of Social security and says; Negative effects are particularly harsh for those older women who do not conform to the model of family status as married with male breadwinner and for those already disadvantaged by race, ethnicity, and class. (Estes, 2004) References Anrig Grig, Jr., ; Wasow, Bernard. Twelve Reasons Why Privatizing Social Security is a Bad Idea. The Century Foundation. 2004. Available online: http://www.socsec.org/publications.asp?pubid=503 Estes, Caroll L. Social Security privatization and older women: A feminist political economy perspective. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol.18. No. February 2004, Pages 9-26 Feldstein, Martin. Privatizing Social Security. Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 37, No. 2 (Jun., 1999), pp. 685-686 ; ; ;

The First Reconstruction A Revolution essays

The First Reconstruction A Revolution essays Many people will argue that the social and political changes in the period between 1860 and 1877 culminated in a revolution. This time period, known as the First Reconstruction, made many advances in equality for Blacks in voting, politics, and the use of public facilities. The lawmakers of the time were however unable to make adequate progress in advancing economic equality; therefore Blacks didnt completely escape their original plight. This should not be considered a revolution because its results were quickly reversed when former confederate leaders and other bigots reclaimed the power of legislation in the South. The First Reconstruction was a result of the Civil War and lasted until 1977. The political, social, and economic conditions after the war helped define the goals of lawmakers during the Reconstruction. Congress now had to decide on how they were going to address such topics as; Black equality, rebuilding of the South, admission of southern state to the Union, and deciding who would control the government. In the south the newly freed slaves wandered the countryside and the white population was devastated due to their loss in the recent war. The south was also devastated economically; plantations were destroyed, railroads torn up, their labor force gone, and cities were burned. In the post Civil War era there was a struggle for the power, each with their own ideas on how the country should go about in the reconstruction process. First, the Southern Democrats, a party made up of former Confederate leaders and other members of the aristocracy, strived to end the perceived control of the North over the South. They also sought the reinstitution of slavery under a different name, Black Codes. These codes would provide a cheap labor force to the plantations by limiting the rights of Blacks to move, vote, travel, and change jobs. Second, Moderate Republicans wanted to obtain a policy of reconciliation bet...

How Dry Shampoo Works to Refresh Hair

How Dry Shampoo Works to Refresh Hair Dry shampoo cleans and refreshes your hair on days you cant use traditional shampoo and water (or choose not to). Heres a look at whether or not dry shampoo actually works and what it does. Key Takeaways: How Dry Shampoo Works Dry shampoo is a product that is applied to hair to reduce oiliness without the need for water.Most types of dry shampoo include a starch, usually from corn or rice, as a key ingredient. The starch absorbs oil and drops away from hair during brushing.Since some product inevitably remains in hair, a dry shampoo can cause hair to feel thicker.While dry shampoo helps improve the appearance of hair, some users dislike the texture it adds to hair.Dry shampoo is not a permanent substitute to washing hair with soap or shampoo. This is because dry shampoo does not remove shed skin cells or control bacteria. What Is Dry Shampoo? Dry shampoo is a powder or a fast-evaporating liquid that your spray or work into your hair that removes excess sebum and other oils and may freshen the scent of your hair. Commercial products contain much the same type of ingredients as homemade dry shampoo, although dry shampoo from a store is more likely to have a uniform texture than a product you make yourself. Both dry and spray-on dry shampoos work the same way. Why Use a Dry Shampoo? Aside from the obvious situation where water isnt available, you may wish to use a dry shampoo for any of the following reasons: Reduces stripping of color by traditional shampoosExtends the life of an expensive blow-outMakes hair easier to styleTakes less time than washing and drying hairMinimizes hair damage since natural protective oils arent strippedFreshens hair if youre coming from a smoky, sweaty, or otherwise smelly situation How Dry Shampoo Works Dry shampoo and wet-dry shampoo works by absorbing oil onto a substance that can be brushed or blown out of your hair. The two main types of dry shampoo are homemade and commercial. Oil-absorbing ingredients you can use to make homemade dry shampoo include corn starch, baby powder, rice starch, orris root, oatmeal, and clay. Feel free to add a couple of drops of lavender essential oil to one of the powders to add a fresh scent. If using baby powder, be sure to use a brand free of asbestos (a common contaminant). Clay, while excellent at controlling oil, may also be contaminated with metals or undesirable minerals (so dont just dig it up from your garden). Because brands dont exactly advertise impurities, its probably safer to stick with corn starch, rice starch, orris root, oatmeal, or some mixture of the these ingredients. Commercial brands typically contain some form of starch, fragrance, and a propellant to help apply product evenly over hair. Some products contain an anti-clumping agent to help disperse particles. A popular commercial spray-on dry shampoo contains isobutane, propane, denatured alcohol, aluminum starch octenyl succinate, butane, fragrance, isopropyl myristate, silica, and cyclopentasiloxane. Only hydrophobic soils, like natural oils and oil-based styling products, are absorbed by the dry shampoo. Dry shampoo will not remove actual dirt, skin flakes, and other chemicals that can make hair look and feel greasy, so most stylists recommend using dry shampoo between regular shampoos to reduce chemical damage to hair or for unexpected emergencies. Most people still need to use regular water-based shampoo to get fresh, clean hair. Dry Shampoo for Animals Dry shampoo isnt just for people! Dry shampoos may be used on furry pets. Commercial pet products are a bit different from ones intended for humans. They may contain conditioning agents, Melaleuca oil to repel fleas, or even pesticides. Pet products may be powder or foams. The shampoo must be worked into the animals coat and then wiped off. Dry shampoo should be used with caution on cats because they lick themselves and will ingest some product. Learn More If youre ready to give dry shampoo a try, make one of these easy homemade dry shampoo recipes. If youre not ready to take the plunge, but are concerned about ingredients in commercial products, make homemade shampoo and learn exactly how shampoo works.